46^th World Conference on Gynecology December 05-06, 2022 Venice, Italy

1. Breast & Ovarian Cancer

Worldwide, nearly 80% of breast cancer cases are discovered when a woman feels a lump, early breast cancers are detected by a mammogram, and a lump found in the lymph nodes in the armpit can also indicate a breast cancer. Some risk factors for breast cancer are womanhood and advanced age, other potential risk factors include genetics, lack of childbearing or lack of breastfeeding, higher levels of certain hormones, certain diets and obesity. Recent studies have indicated that exposure to light pollution is a risk factor for the development of breast cancer.

Ovarian cancer forms in or on an ovary, resulting in abnormal cells that could invade or spread to other parts of the body. The risk of developing ovarian cancer is lower for women who have fewer menstrual cycles, no menstrual cycles, who are breastfeeding, who take birth control pills, who have multiple pregnancies, and who conceive at an early age.

2. Gynecology and Obstetrics

Gynecology and obstetrics is the medical specialty that deals with obstetrics and gynecology. Training programs for both aspects are usually combined, preparing the practicing obstetrician-gynecologist to be adept at caring for the health of female reproductive organs and managing pregnancy. Although some physicians develop subspecialty interests in one area or the other.

3. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder in women of childbearing age. Women with PCOS may have infrequent or prolonged periods or excessive levels of male hormones (androgens). The ovaries may develop many small collections of fluid (follicles) and may not release eggs regularly. The cause of PCOS is uncertain, but there is evidence that it is a genetic condition. PCOS cannot be completely cured. Treatment may involve lifestyle changes such as weight loss and exercise.

4. Adolescent and Puberty Health

When a female child acquires the age and moves towards puberty certain changes occur physically and mentally. The First would be the menstrual cycle of the Monarch. Once the cycle starts accompanying that the female body changes- such as skin texture, hair texture, body appearances and complete development of genitals etc. The phase is considered to be very crucial and slight variations from the regular graph are noted. The session mainly focuses on adolescents and the beginning of puberty, which shows the importance of teen health and changes.

5. Women Oncology

The session would be a complete discussion on Oncogenes Oncology issues and cancer therapies; women are prone to having different types of cancer internally and externally. The track would be putting light on women oncology and oncogenes. Gynecological oncology is a specialized area of   medicine that focuses on cancers of the female reproductive system, including ovarian cancer, uterine cancer, vaginal cancer, cervical cancer uterus and vulvar cancer. As specialists, they have extensive training in the diagnosis and treatment of these cancers.

6. Aging and Bone Loss in Women

Osteoporosis is affected by 4 out of 5 women due to aging, it is the decrease in bone density that makes the bones brittle, aging is the main factor where women face most bone problems because the Calcium intake decreases in the body, which weakens joints and fragile, the session would discuss researchers on different bone diseases, problems and treatments.

7. Breast Disease

Breast disease is a reserved topic that is rarely talked about in women's health. In a survey, breast disease has increased over the past 5 years by up to 45%. Women who have undergone breast reconstruction or breast augmentation have always faced these problems. Hyperplasia, cysts and sclerosing adenosis are other examples of breast diseases.

8. Heart Disease in Women

Heart disease is the leading cause of death worldwide; this is true all over the world. They rose to 32% in 2015, from 25% in 1990. Some deaths from cardiovascular disease at a given age are more common and have increased in much of the developing world, while rates have fallen in the most developed countries since the 1970s. Some risk factors for heart disease are age, gender, smoking, physical inactivity, excessive alcohol consumption, poor diet, obesity, genetic predisposition and a family history of cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure (hypertension), high blood sugar, high blood cholesterol, psychosocial factors, poverty and air pollution.

9. Women’s Health

Women's experience of health differs from that of men due to their biological and behavioral conditions. Unique health issues include pregnancy, menopause, and female organ conditions. Women in various countries have narrowed the gender gap in life expectancy and are now living longer than men. In many areas of health, they suffer from earlier and more serious illnesses with poorer outcomes. Women remain an important social determinant of health, since women's health is influenced not only by their biology, but also by conditions such as poverty, employment and family responsibilities.

10. Influence of Drugs and General Awareness in Pregnancy

About 90% of pregnant women take prescription or over-the-counter medications at some point during their pregnancy. As a general rule, drugs should not be used during pregnancy because many of them are harmful to the fetus. Inappropriate drug dispensing is one of the steps of rational drug use, therefore it is necessary for drug dispensers to have relevant and up-to-date knowledge and skills regarding the use of drugs during pregnancy. The knowledge of drug providers and pregnant women about drug use in pregnancy, focusing on commonly used drugs that are teratogenicity or cause adverse effects on the fetus and babies. Consume foods and beverages high in folate, iron, calcium, and protein. Talk to your healthcare professional about prenatal supplements (vitamins you can take during pregnancy). Eat breakfast every day. Eat fiber-rich foods and drink fluids (especially water) to avoid constipation.

11. Sterility

Sterility is the physiological inability to effect sexual reproduction in a living being whose limbs have been produced sexually. Infertility has a wide range of causes. It may be an inherited trait, as in the mule; or it can be acquired from the environment, for example through physical injury or disease, or through exposure to radiation. Sterility is defined as the inability to produce a biological child, while infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after a certain period Sterility is rarely discussed in the clinical literature and is often used exclusively with infertility. Infertility affects approximately 12-15% of couples worldwide. Yet, the prevalence of infertility remains unknown. Infertility can be divided into three subtypes: natural, clinical, and ordeal. Natural sterility is the physiological inability of the couple to conceive a child by natural means. Clinical infertility is natural infertility for which treatment of the patient will not result in conception. Difficult infertility is the inability to take advantage of available treatments due to extraneous factors such as economic, psychological or physical factors. Clinical sterility is a subtype of natural sterility, and Hardship sterility is a subtype of clinical sterility.

12. Women’s Health and Fitness

Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not just the absence of disease or infirmity; this is how the World Health Organization defines health. The term women's health is often reduced to a simple form, women's reproductive health, while many would like to give it a broader definition referring to overall women's health, which is sometimes also explained in terms of risk and experiences. Even though studies indicate that women have a longer life expectancy than men, it is very evident that they are more prone to serious illnesses. Analysis of the past 30 years reveals that more women have died from heart disease than men, and women are more likely than men to die after their first heart attack. The statistical study of cancer by the ASCO indicates that cancer mortality is higher in men than in women; simultaneously, it also explains that breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in the world's population.

13. Menopausal Syndromes

Menopause syndrome includes symptoms associated with the physiological changes that occur in a woman's body at the end of the fertile window. Menopause is a normal consequence of the aging process and is a natural state of female hormonal deficiency that occurs at the age of 45-55. At this stage, the ovaries gradually become less active and reduce their production of sex hormones (estrogen and progesterone). As a result, menstruation ceases permanently. Women are generally considered menopausal if they haven't had a period for a year without an underlying cause. Some women experience mild or no problems at all, but some women experience severe symptoms during this time. It has become a phenomenon in a woman's life, and many years have passed in the post-menopausal phase. Similarly in Ayurveda, Acharyas describes that menstruation inevitably begins at the age of 12 and stops at the age of 50 and the whole process is a natural phase of life.

14. Reproductive Toxicity

Reproductive toxicity includes adverse effects on sexual function and fertility in adult males and females, as well as adverse effects on the development of offspring. Adverse effects on sexual function and fertility include changes in the structure and function of the male and female reproductive systems and changes in any other function depends on the integrity of the reproductive systems. Under the HCS 2012, the negative effects on the development of the offspring means any effect of chemicals that interferes with the normal development of the conceptus before or after birth, which is induced during pregnancy or results from parental exposure. Undesirable effects on or via breast-feeding are also included in reproductive toxicity, although classified separately from other reproductive effects.

15. Pregnancy & Childbirth

In 2016, pregnancy complications resulted in 218,000 deaths, compared to 377,000 deaths in 1990. Common causes include maternal bleeding, abortion complications, high blood pressure of pregnancy, maternal sepsis, and work obstruction. Worldwide, 40% of pregnancies are unplanned and half of unplanned pregnancies are aborted. Every year, complications of pregnancy and childbirth lead to approximately 500,000 maternal deaths, 7 million women have serious long-term problems and 50 million women have health problems after childbirth, most occurring in developing countries.

Target Audience:

• Obstetrics and Gynecologists
• Clinicians
• Executives
• Researchers
• Information and communication technology vendors and consultants
• Women & Healthcare innovators and entrepreneurs
• International delegates
• Specialists in IVF
• IVF Centers
• Gynecological Pathologists
• Gynecological Oncologists
• Directors of Maternity Hospitals
• Endocrinologists
• Infertility specialists
• Heads of the Obstetrics & Gynecology Departments 
• Nursing scholars
• Students of Medicine Disciplines
• Upcoming Researchers
• Pharmacists
• Anesthesiologist
• Family Medicine Physicians and General practitioners
• Clinical Toxicologists
• IVF Associations and Societies
• Societies of Andrology and Gynecology

Women's health is a prevention and treatment perspective that examines health issues unique to women. Even though just over half of the US population is female, medical research has historically overlooked women's health needs other than reproductive issues. Recently, there have been major changes in government and private support for women's health research -- in policies, regulations, and the organization of research efforts. In a recent report by the Institute of Medicine (IOM), the Washington DC-based institute found that women's health research has contributed to significant progress over the past 20 years in easing the burden of disease and reducing deaths from some conditions in women, while other conditions saw only moderate changes or even little or no change. Gaps remain both in areas of research and in the application of findings to benefit women in general and across multiple population groups.

Viewing women's health exclusively as a function of gender differences is too narrow, according to the IOM report. It defines women's health and well-being as a function only of biological factors and their differences between men and women, and ignores the role of sex, which is affected by broader social and community factors. IOM finds that insufficient attention has been given to social and environmental factors which, along with biological risk factors, influence women's health. Although progress has been made in identifying the behavioral determinants of women's health, such as smoking, diet, and physical activity, few studies have tested ways to change these determinants in women or examined the effects of social and community factors in specific groups of women. To advance this area of   research, the IOM recommends that the National Institutes of Health (NIH) support research into the common determinants and risk factors that underlie multiple diseases.

Significant progress has been made in reducing female mortality from breast cancer, cardiovascular disease and cervical cancer. This can be attributed in part to increased consumer demand and awareness, which has resulted in additional funding and research; improved diagnosis; screening and treatment; and, in the case of cervical cancer, a vaccine.